In my previous posts about the economics of electrification, I’ve focused on whole home heat pump conversions and I’ve not adequately appreciated the economics of partial conversions.

In the many municipalities with their own light department or a municipal aggregation program, the probability of operating savings is high, although cumulative operating savings may remain modest as compared to the capital costs of a heat pump conversion.

Even for a conversion from an oil burner, consumers should not count on operating savings from a heat pump conversion.

It seems very clear that we should generally expect actual heat pump performance materially below rated performance .

This post identifies the IRA measures supporting existing home retrofits for energy efficiency and heating electrification.